Mangystau is the center of Kazakhstan’s oil and mineral extraction industries. Its capital, Aktau, is not only a regional hub for transporting Caspian’s oil and related products to European and Asian countries, but also serves as transit traffic—linking the nearby oilfield developers to other countries.

The government of Nauru sought to achieve fiscal sustainability by (i) strengthening public finance management (PFM), (ii) realizing fiscal savings through power sector efficiency, and (iii) putting in place a mechanism to save windfall revenues for future generations. In 2016, ADB approved the Nauru Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program.

This evaluation assesses the performance of the multitranche financing facility (MFF) of Asian Development Bank (ADB) for the Housing for Integrated Rural Development Investment Program in Uzbekistan (the ADB MFF program). ADB provided $500 million to support the government’s rural housing scheme (RHS), which had an estimated total investment of $3.05 billion.